Gwynne tem 15 mil linhas de dados em três colunas. Ela gostaria que os dados fossem impressos com 6 colunas por página. Por exemplo, os primeiros 50 nomes em A2: C51, depois os próximos 50 nomes em E2: G51. Em seguida, mova as terceiras 50 linhas para A52: C101 e assim por diante.
Em vez de resolver isso com fórmulas, vou usar um pouco do Excel VBA para reorganizar os dados.
A macro VBA deixará os dados em A: C. Uma coluna em branco aparecerá em D. Os novos dados aparecerão em D: F, coluna em branco em G, novos dados em H: J.
Nota
Quase 10 anos atrás, respondi a uma pergunta sobre como dividir 1 coluna em 6 colunas. No caso, os dados foram organizados horizontalmente, com Apple em C1, Banana em D1, Cherry em E1, … Fig em H1, então Goiaba começando em C2 e assim por diante. Naquela época, respondi à pergunta usando fórmulas. Você pode assistir aquele vídeo antigo: aqui.
A primeira etapa é descobrir quantas linhas cabem na página impressa. Não pule esta etapa. Antes de começar com a macro, você precisa fazer todas estas coisas:
- Defina as margens na guia Layout da página da faixa de opções
- Se você quiser que os títulos da linha 1 sejam repetidos em cada página, use Layout da página, Linhas para repetir no topo e especifique 1: 1
- Especifique os cabeçalhos e rodapés que aparecerão em cada página.
- Copie os títulos de A1: C1 para E1: G1.
- Copie os títulos de A1: C1 para I1: K1.
- Especifique E: K como o intervalo de impressão
- Preencha os números de 1 a 100 em E2: E101 com
=ROW()-1
Quando todas as configurações da página estiverem corretas, use Ctrl + P para exibir o documento Visualizar impressão. Se necessário, clique no bloco Mostrar visualização de impressão no meio da tela. Em Visualizar impressão, encontre o último número da linha na página 1. No meu caso, é 46. Esse será um número importante daqui para frente.
Para criar a macro, siga estas etapas:
- Salve sua pasta de trabalho com um novo nome, caso algo dê errado. Por exemplo: MyWorkbookTestCopy.xlsx
- Pressione alt = "" + F11 para abrir o Editor VBA
- No menu VBA, escolha Insert, Module
-
Copie o código a seguir e cole na janela de código
Sub WrapThem() ' the following line says XLUP not x1up ! FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row ' Change 46 to match your Rows Per Page RowsPerPage = 46 NextRow = 2 NextCol = 5 For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPage Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End If Next i End Sub - Encontre a linha que diz
RowsPerPage = 46e substitua 46 pelo número de linhas que você encontrou na Visualização da Impressão.
Aqui estão algumas outras coisas que você pode ter que alterar dependendo de seus dados:
A FinalRow =linha procura a última entrada na coluna 1. Se seus dados começassem na coluna C em vez da coluna A, você mudaria isso:
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Rowpara isso
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 3).End(xlUp).RowNeste exemplo, o primeiro local para os novos dados será a célula E2. Esta é a linha 2, coluna 5. Se você tiver cinco linhas de títulos e seus novos dados começarem em G6, você NextRow = 2deve mudar para NextRow = 6. Mude NextCol = 5para NextCol = 7(porque a coluna G é a 7ª coluna).
Neste exemplo, os dados começam em A2 (logo após os títulos na linha 1). Se você tiver 3 linhas de títulos, seus dados começarão em A4. Mude esta linha:
For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPagepara esta linha:
For i = 4 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPageMinhas colunas de saída aparecem na coluna E (5ª coluna) e na coluna I (9ª coluna). Digamos que você tenha quatro colunas de dados. Os dados originais estão em B: E. Coloque o primeiro conjunto de colunas em G: J e L: O. G é a 7ª coluna. L é a 12ª coluna. No texto a seguir, altere 3 para 4 em dois lugares porque você tem 4 colunas em vez de 3. Altere 5 para 7 em dois lugares porque a primeira coluna de saída é G em vez de E. Altere 9 para 12 porque a segunda coluna de saída é L em vez de eu.
Mude isso:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End Ifpara isso:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value If NextCol = 7 Then NextCol = 12 Else NextCol = 7 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End IfAgora você está pronto para executar a macro. Salve a pasta de trabalho uma última vez.
Na janela do VBA, clique em qualquer lugar dentro da macro. Na figura abaixo, o cursor está logo depois Sub WrapThem(). Clique na tecla F5 ou clique no ícone Executar conforme mostrado abaixo.
Volte para o Excel. Você deve ver resultados como este:
Certifique-se de que o sobrenome na página 1, coluna E, seja seguido corretamente pelo nome na página 1, coluna I.
Assistir vídeo
Essas etapas são explicadas neste vídeo:
Transcrição de vídeo
Aprenda Excel para Podcast, Episódio 2194: Envolvendo Colunas.
Ei, bem-vindo de volta ao netcast, sou Bill Jelen. A pergunta de hoje, enviada por Gwen. Gwen está assistindo ao vídeo 984, chamado Sneaking Columns. Isso é de anos atrás, e eu usei uma fórmula para resolver isso naquela época, mas o problema dos gêmeos é mais complicado.
So she has a three column worksheet with around 15,000 rows. and needs to make each page six columns. So, on the first page, these 60 cells; and then next to it, the next 60 cells. Now, Gwen has figured out that she can fit about 60 rows. But for anyone else watching this, the most important part here is to figure out how many rows because you'll really screw things up if you make any of these changes after the fact.
Alright, so for me, what I'm going to do is I'm going to come here to page layout, I'm gonna declare that these seven columns are going to be my print area-- Print Area, Set Print Area. I'm going to go into Print Titles and say that “Rows to repeat at top” is 1:1. I'm going to go… Actually, I'd like to use Margins here-- Margins, Narrow, and then back in the Page Setup, Header/Footer, and choose whatever my, you know, Custom Footer should be-- Confidential. Do all of the those settings, anything you're ever going to change first. Alright? Because that's going to change the number of rows per page.
Now, I'm going to type in the number 1 here, this is just going to be some temporary data. I'm going to hold down the Ctrl key and grab the Fill handle, and go down until I'm sure I'm past the first page like that. And then, we'll just do a Print Preview-- Ctrl+P, Show Print Preview-- and you'll notice that I have 46 rows that fit on the first page. And let's just check, go to the second page-- so 46 plus 46 is 92, so we're getting 46 rows per page, 46 rows per page. That number is incredibly important-- 46. In fact, I'm going to write it down over here just so I don't forget-- 46 rows per page.
Alright, now, I'm going to solve this today with a Macro; back in video 984, I used some complex formulas to do it, but today a macro feels better. If you've never used macros before don't be intimidated. Here's how we start: We press Alt+F11-- Alt+F11-- that brings open this screen and actually, the very first time that you open Alt+F11, it's going to be just a big gray screen-- probably a lot like this-- like that. So you want to say, View, Project Explorer, Find your workbook here, and say Insert Module-- I've already done that-- and what we'll get-- and what we get-- is a white screen. And over here in this white screen, you're going to type this code, alright? The word "Sub" which means that this is a subroutine, and then any naming you want-- I call it WrapThem, no spaces there, so just jam everything together-- open and closing parenthesis. Then we're we're going to create a variable: FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End, and these four letters here are XL, not X1-- everybody screws this up, XL. And you can type it in all caps if you want but they're going to change it back to that format where the L looks like a 1-- don't put a 1 there. Rows.Per.Page-- and this is where you put whatever number you figured out. Now, for me it's 46; for Gwen, it sounds like it's 60. And then, the next row where we want the first data to go is Row 2, and then the next column-- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-- is Column 5.
Alright, so I set this up. And then, the rest of this is going to be very, very generic. it's going to work with, you know, any size data set: For I (it's a variable) = 2 To FinalRow (that's how many rows we had) Step (that means every time through the loop we're going to increase by) RowsPerPage (which in this case is 46, for Gwen's case it's going be 60). We're going to say: Cells(NextRow, NextCol) -- so, next row's going to be 2, Column 5-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3) -- resize 46 rows, 3 columns-- .Value = _ (and that's an underscore there) It's going to be equal to Cells(1, 1) -- so whatever is in Row 2 comma 1, Column 1-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value. And then, what we have to do is, we have to be a little bit clever here about after we paste the first 46 times 46 rows, by 3 columns.
Where do we go next? There, right? So, if currently, the next column is pointing to Column E, well, then I need the next one to go to Column I. I is the ninth column. Alright. So that's why we say NextCol = 5. But if we're not… NextCol = 5 that means our NextCol = 9. Then we're going to reset the next group back to Column E and the NextRow is going to be = whatever the previous row was, + 46. And then next time… now here, let's just walk through this, you don't have to run it one step at a time. But I'm going to do that with F8-- just to see what we get here.
And so, what we've learned, is the final row is real-- 15,582. We're about to write to row 2, column 5. And so: For I = 2 To FinalRow. The first time through, I is going to be equal to 2. We're going to say that Row 2, Column 5, is going to be equal to Row 2, Column 1-- 46 rows, 3 columns. I want to run this with F8. We'll look over here in the spreadsheet and we'll see that it turned out those first 46 came to this area. Alright. But, we're going to let this run again. Alright.
Now, the second time through the loop, the I has jumped up from 2 to 48. Alright. And so this time, we're going to be running to Row 2, Column 9, and we're going to be getting data from Row 48. Alright, now let's go check this one right here. So, what we see is Andy Hartley-- that works great-- down here at the end, Kelly Ferguson. But the next person should be Lue Rahman-- Rahman-- and that works, and it goes down to Lue Harvey, right there. Alright. Now, what we're hoping next time, is we get Barb Davison. I'll press F8 few more times, here's the next one and we look, and it's now writing to Row 48. Alright. And it's Barb Davison, and it appears to be working. At this point, I'm happy with it, I'm just going to click run.
And, actually, you don't have to go-- if you're not creating a video to explain this to somebody-- you don't have to go through and press F8; you could just come up here, click inside WrapThem, click run, and that fast it will take your data and wrap it into two columns.
Now, some things I see here-- Surname isn't wide enough, that should not affect our page layout, I'm hoping. And when I do Print Preview, I now have 170 pages. Data there, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4. Now, if we would change the margins at this point, everything is going to be screwed up-- it's going to be horrible. That's why it's really, really important, right up front, you have to do all of your page layout things before you calculate that 46. Now, of course, at this point, Save your workbook with a new name, alright? We don't want to destroy the personal workbook. And then you can delete columns A through D, and you have your results.
Now, if you want to learn about macros-- macros are incredibly powerful-- we probably could have solved this with a formula. And, certainly, the me from 10 years ago solved it with a formula, but at this point in my life, just a simple little 15 line macro is a lot easier. This book, by Tracy Syrstad and myself, will teach you all about macros.
Alright, wrap-up for this Episode: How to wrap 3 columns of data in 2 sets of columns per page. The super important step, you have to do all the page setup things first, Rows to Repeat at Top, Margins, Header/Footer, and then just type some numbers-- 1 through whatever-- I use the Fill handle with control; go to Print Preview, How many rows per page; switch over to Alt+F11; Insert a module and then type the code that I showed you in the video; click run. And most of the time, I advise people to save your workbook as xlsm, but in this case this was a one-time thing, I'm suspecting. So if you're, you know, just want to have that macro disappear, keep it as xlsx, save the file, it'll warn you that you're about to lose your macro. That's probably okay, because we've solved the problem well.
Ei, quero agradecer a Gwen por enviar essa pergunta, quero agradecer a você por passar por aqui. Nos vemos na próxima vez para outro netcast de.
